Ran of the person that work is colourful (alias) , the life is in oneself also do not have a law to explain " paradox " in. Her family is in the hut of Dongguan, can put down a piece of bed only. She chooses such life, because want to build in rural native place,be " empty nest " .
Face this paradox, it is her not merely a person.
"Current our country has 236 million to go out hobo, among them 163 million to go out the farmer is versed in, still have the hobo between 7000 much town. To 2020, population of our country town will be amounted to 800 million, predicting hobo will be amounted to 300 the most popular selling norton internet antivirusmillion much. If or else begins to solve the identity of mouth of the bearer outside the city to change a problem, will form to economic progress restrict and block up. " national hair changes appoint city and Li Tie of director of center of development of reform of a wide place in the road expressed recently.
Road of young scholar Lv investigates discovery, census register is restricted below, a lot of people in this giant group have —— of a collective choice to offer hematic country, build " empty nest " .
"Rural house slave " road: "—— of be in debt of the —— that buy a house goes working "
Ran works colourfully, can saying is driven by the house.
2004, the colliery that her husband works closed down. "He begins to go to work in the colliery all the time from 1994, altogether did near 11 years. Altogether did near 11 years..
Same year, they " bite gnash one's teeth " the house was bought in the village. House money is more than 20000 yuan, decorate spent 16 thousand yuan again. Among them many money lend.
What she buys is the house that just had built with village person. "After he has been built, also because be in debt, went out to work, sell us that house. Sell us that house..
To still buy the debt of the house, their road —— that also set foot on former landlord or landlady 3 times comes out to work.
modern dining chairsHusband of 46 years old has studied a book 4 years, go to work outside, a month can be earned 1300 multivariate. Ran Yan rents in Dongguan the room does manual work in narrow corridor.
"The rented house is too small, can put down a piece of bed only, the place returns big outside; In house very dark, work to also need the lamp in house by day, do outside by day, can omit report. Can omit report..
"My body all the time very bad, it is the disease that gives birth to the child to fall in those days. I sit now long perhaps stand long, be no good. " the reason that Ran Yan explains to she did brass faucet aerator not take factory do manual work, "I did handiwork to also do not make how many money now, make a mobile telephone above hang, one day does 2000, ability can earn 14 yuan, a month can be earned about 500 go to 600 yuan. A month can be earned about 500 go to 600 yuan..
Go to Guangdong from Jiangsu Dongguan, these year come, ran Yan one work 3 times outside, the house in the home with respect to at a loose end. They have the son that was born 1991, also be brought up in Dongguan.
Ran Yan felt to buy a house to regret a bit. "Because now also nobody is in live in, locking up with the lock namely. Locking up with the lock namely..
"New worker works in the city, linger the bedroom at short, the salary great majority that the sweat of labor changes is used on house of native place lid. " Lv Tu says.
She is in " Chinese new worker: Loss and rise abruptly " in one book, statistic include what Ran admires inside to work in Dongguan, of the new worker that native place gives section county country in Chongqing city buy room and lid room situation, all in 8 new workers, 6 houses that buy on the town, two buy a room to perhaps build a house in the village.
Among this 8 people, come out to hit the shortest between man-hour, also had exceeded 10 years.
Mottled bamboo village is pressed down in mandarin orange of county of Sichuan adjacent water, the circumstance that Lv road survey discovers more give a red-letter day very.
The house cost here goes to hundred thousands of yuan from tens of thousands of yuan, young host is absent, but a lot of people spend light for this lifetime saving. Laozhu of 56 years old is among them one person.
He works in Guangzhou, include old two two mouth, daughters, sons and daughter-in-law. 2009, old Zhu Ci labour, return mottled bamboo village, built 4 buildings.
The house covered 3 many months, employed 10 many workers, altogether spent 170 thousand yuan. "These year of working moneyharrison hot spring weather forecast, was over with respect to the flower at a draught. Was over with respect to the flower at a draught..
But old Zhu Ren is without a problem for his cost idea: "Here, every family such, working money basically is spent go up in the house. Working money basically is spent go up in the house..
The plan that alludes to did not come, old Zhu Hai plans to go out to work, children people also do not come back. Accordingly, 4 buildings since new top reduced empty nest immediately.
Be the same as a villthe best selling modern dining chairsage 81 years old forest mother-in-law home situation is likewise exaggerative: 4 building, decorate even the toilet very luxuriously also; Solar energy water heater, furniture is annatto. In the house of 400 much square metre, have only however forest two people live mother-in-law and small gravancouver to harrison hot springsnddaughter of 10 years old, the others children works outside.
"This house spent mathe best spring poolny 20. The money that the son works is spent be above this, still owed tens of thousands of yuan debt. " forest the mother-in-law says.
"Go into town not settle " : The safety of severe shortage feels
In investigating a process, lv Tu feels stranger and stranger: "They build a house, oneself do not live again, after all why? After all why??
She discovers, the person that Ran Yan this generation works is working can imagine when the day is very provoking: "Etc earn enough money, can return old home. Can return old home..
According to countrywide federation of trade unions the sampling investigation data 2010, new worker is occupied whole 60.9% of strength of group of the person that work, they replaced the person that generation works already successfully, make great majority. However, to their future, returning old home still is the choice of great majority person.
But can they go back really?
Investigate discovery, "Return old home " be afraid is the option that new workers can take without the road. In Beijing the fellow worker's home did 2009 " living current situation of the person that work and prospective progress findings report " in, " how to if the job cannot be found in the city after you,do " this problem, the new worker of 65.1% chose " return old home " . But if the problem is changed,do " what is the following plan " , only the new worker of 9.1% chooses " return old home " .
"Apparent, returning old home can be a kind of leeway that does not have method only. " Lv Tu says, "In the house that native place buys, not only the leeway that is them, also be the manner with their blunt ego: Had this to cover a house, when feeling city life is intolerable every time, comfort oneself, be no good really still can go back. Be no good really still can go back..
Current, the town of our country is changed rate had exceeded 50% . But this year the beginning of the year, finance and economics of countrywide National People's Congress appoint vice director He Keng expresses, change by true town in light of, the city is changed do not lead 35% . "Because of hobo of 200 million much city, not be true urban population. Not be true urban population..
Europe international is versed in the Xu Xiaonian of the business school is taught in, call Ran Yan's position " go into town not settle " . "160 million or the one part that the peasant worker worker of 200 million still is not our town economy, also not be the one part of town society. Also not be the one part of town society..
After why the farmer entered a town do no less than coming live? In the interview with the netizen, xu Xiaonian again assail this old issue: "Because do not have registered permanent residence, cannot enjoy the public facilities such as the medical treatment that town dweller can enjoy, education and public service, this was formed to the free flow of the farmer very big manacle. This was formed to the free flow of the farmer very big manacle..
Town is changed, be considered as to pull move inside needed enormous engine. But Xu Xiaonian thinks, those who show level work group, still assume do not remove this first phase to wait for.
"Take wife and children in the country, oneself live in close-packed dormitory, return the home every year, do not have normal life. Rely on such farmer, how can social stability come true? Rely on such farmer to be versed in, does he have how possibly 3 times truer the consumption in the past? " Xu Xiaonian asks.
Current, ran Yan people or " corporeal home " how be native place. Some builds the housethe best selling north face shirts in the village, some is comparing close town to go up from him village the house perhaps was bought on the county.
To Shenzhen some factory workshop is married and the investigation of the case of worker family reunion that has the child shows, husband and wife is in Shenzhen, 65% what the child takes whole investigation target in the domestic number of native place.
Cannot get the child of parental care, health of body and mind often gets negative effect. Come from the Xia Yun of Nie of the person that work of Henan, little sister with respect to discontinue one's studying.
"My little sister goes up in adjoining county at that time first one, because somebody is done not have to be in charge of in the home, went up after a semester, begin to learn bad, achievement drops, went out to work with respect to discontinue one's studying next. " Nie Xiayun says.
In investigation, lv Tu thinks, work in the condition that the group breaks up for a long time at a kind: "The place that they live for a long time is not him ' ' , be called ' ' place, it is the beadhouse in the imagination, old just can go back later. old just can go back later..
"Peasant worker worker is consumed every year in the city, because his consumptive main body did not follow him to be together, still be in a country. Want to let he and wife and children, children live together, make the one part of town economy, the benefit ability play that town turns comes out. " Xu Xiaonian says.
modern dining chairsIn the crack that turns in the city " jump " come " jump " go
In survey process, lv Tu was known " 80 hind " Wang Jia of the person that work. The Guizhou girl that was born this 1981, go out since working, had changed 6 jobs.
"What I work the most shortly is the first job, 5 months. A the chiefest job did 3 years many. A the chiefest job did 3 years many..
"This kind finds new job frequency, in 80 hind the fact in the person that work is belonged to common. They change working frequency, the father people of a certain kind that compares them should be gotten high much. " Lv Tu says.
Commonweal is organized " the fellow worker's home " " living state of the person that work and prospective progress findings report " show, in Suzhou, 80 hind the person that work in recent years average every 9 months change the job, and on the person that generation works just changes the job 3.4 every years.
The reason of the person that generation works on is passive mostly, include a factory to close down, financial crisis. The person that the Cenozoic Era works, the account that changes the job is more active.
The account that Wang Jia changes the job for the first time is the job dirty, pay is low.
She describes first time so work experience: "Worked for the first time 1998, arrived Dongguan, that yard does lettering. My hand desquamate, do the dress to go up to be washed do not drop, was oxidized. The first month sent 250 yuan of salary, a week is controlled, 200 yuan are done not have with respect to the flower, remnant 50 yuan. Listen to kin and friend to say the pay of other place, feel him pay is too low, the work is dirtier also. See plastic plant is hired, we change a factory a few times. We change a factory a few times..
And Xia Yun of Henan girl Nie, changing the job is to fear to suffer inductrial injury.
One day in the evening, with the girl that she works together, the hand is pressed by the machine. Later, nie Xiayun " when going to work in the evening everyday, feel to the voice of the ambulance can hear inside brain, next special fear " . Before long, she left this plant.
Besides ego protective consciousness increases, 80 hind the person that generation works, take ego seriously generally more.
2002, water of Hunan youth Chen Re resigned the security personnel that is in Guangzhou works, the reason is to feel the job is too boring. "Sit every day at that time over, just began to still can recollect the past, later slowly intolerable. Learn to be less than what technology, do not earn money again, still be inferior to. Still be inferior to..
Then, chen Re water begins to learn to make a pattern. To promote a technology, he changed 6 jobs inside a few months.
"The first job worked a long time only, the boss says my technology still is no good, did not want me. Nevertheless that boss has calculated, he a long time salary settle accounts gives me. He a long time salary settle accounts gives me..
After many flounder, the technology of Chen Re water has some of progress. The boss of plant of machining of a mould to persuade him to stay, increased wage 3 times, nevertheless he still should go.
"I tell him, with my technology, also be worth that salary only at that time, I just want to go out to enter more, want to learn something more. Do this, see morer, the technology promotes more quickly. " water says Chen Re of 33 years old this year.
Countrywide federation of trade unions " investigation of situation of labor of peasant of enterprise the Cenozoic Era and countermeasure suggesbrass faucetted 2010 " show, had changed the job 80 hind in the person that work, the scale that offers to terminate a contract actively is 88.2% , farmer of tower above tradition is versed watch casesin 16.9 percent. Of 19.2% 80 hind the plan that the person that work shows to the near future has exchange labor to make, exceed traditional farmer to be versed in 4.3 percent.
"The person that generation works on is not used to this kind to find new job often. In their concept, the job does not stabilize be derogatory sense, because the job does not stabilize much meeting,bring about income is not stabilized and house dwelling place is not stabilized. " Lv Tu says.
But 80 hind the person that work, apparent more the city life that gets used to high speed change. They exchange working excuse, also differ with urban youth very few.
Lv Tu values the zoology of course of study of choose of this kind of youth: "This finds better job to offer a kind of possibility to them, also create pressure to the enterprise, force its to improve a condition. Force its to improve a condition..
"Town is changed " 80 hind peasant worker worker
The problem is, when young farmer industry grows gradually hind, how does rural house do?
"Foster cordial relations between states the house now, the house need not be built again when waiting for two grandchildren marriage. " forest the mother-in-law says.
With forest of the mother-in-law expect photograph comparing, generation of her children and grand children leaves a country already too far.
Son Wang Tao of Ran Yan was born 1991, second year in high school is acquired on, came out to work. Bobby child is done in a factory of Dongguan now, a monthly wages has 2000 yuan or so.
King billows him refer the job, differ with parents apparently: "The Bobby child that we do, general meeting sells the United States, want high to sell 7000 much U.S. dollors, now is high-tech, have in front photograph like head, indication screen. The Bobby baby that our factory can become this kind of high end one day 449. Also have a few low end, our factory is the United States and Hong Kong are joint-stock. Our factory is the United States and Hong Kong are joint-stock..
His life, also not " suffering with a ha is breathed out " .
He the expense of every month basically is: Buy the clothes, play a ball game, get online or have a meal together with the friend. He every month does not pay salary to parents, just can buy to parents the dress and fill electric telephone bill to wait a moment.
"I buy the clothes now sometimes a month spends 500 yuan, online money is not much, play a ball game not much also, live in the factory, the charge of electricity that buckle water 80 multivariate, a month deducts living cost 180 yuan. But I did not eat in the factory, outside reaching a plant midday, have a meal, because the food in the factory is very poor, the person that has 80% did not have a meal in the factory. Spending is too high now, call a few people to have a meal together, the wine that drink a dot is about to spend 200 multivariate, the life expense of a month should be spent 700 multivariate. The life expense of a month should be spent 700 multivariate..
"New workers are in city life after period of time, arrive from lifestyle consumptive pattern, had been urban person, get used to rustication very hard afresh. Resemble Wang Tao this generation, had not planted even the ground, very small live in the city, lack self-identity to feel to land and country. " Lv road analysis says.
Investigate what the office releases to investigated data 2009 according to resident of national statistic bureau, 80 hind new worker is returned on average, the amount that brings back native place is 5564 yuan, occupy go out 37.2% from industry gross earnings. And worker worker of their father generation peasant is returned on average, the amount that brings back the home is 8218 yuan, occupy go out 51.1% from industry gross earnings.
In Lv road eye, ran Yan people it is to place in urban and rural the generation between: "Have the experience that produces the life in the country, but go out work fending had been their present lifestyle. But go out work fending had been their present lifestyle..
And Wang Tao is the generation that is lost in the city. Young the person that work of lifestyle " town is changed " speed, had exceeded a system gradually " town is changed " speed.
"His job has been industrialized one part, his lifestyle is the one part of recreation and consumerism, his development dream is the one part that the city spends. Although realized hardship, 80 hind, 90 hind work the group also regards leeway as native place rarely. " Lv Tu says.
So hardship of the person that work is done " Fang Nu " , after all does the meaning where?
"They are in for ' the other shore ' undertaking throwing, this is them of tough now life comfort an agent, it is a shot in the arm that goes all out in work hard now. " Lv Tu feels anxious for this with distress.
The person that let work blends in town gradually, already was hasten of general trends place.
This year on May 27, transmit of the State Council national hair changes appoint " the opinion that works about deepening economic system to reform a key 2010 " , put forward to implement living card system inside countrywide limits in file of the State Council first.
Of this opinion " push urban and rural reform " the part is mentioned, deepen reform of census register system to will be accelerated fulfil in relaxing small town, a wide place in the road especially county and the policy that the center presses down settle condition. Perfect further shack population registers a system, implement living card system inside countrywide limits stage by stage.
Li Tie points out, counterpoise nods the reform of the crowd, the proportion that can hold according to place of the city of different dimensions, ab extra population sets settle requirement. The Shanghai that be like Beijing lives and obtain employment fixed number of year can grow relatively a few, the suburb county of Beijing Shanghai area under administration and condition of a wide place in the road should relax appropriately.free watch case "Other city can make clear a condition according to his circumstance. Divide live and outside obtain employment fixed number of year, cannot set other condition all right again. Cannot set other condition all right again..
To future, wang Tao has expect clearly.
"I like native place and Dongguan not quite, here is not amused, salary is not high also. Etc rich think of Shanghai opens a supermarket, the space develops over there big. " this youth that comes from Chongqing country, deliver expectant view to Shanghai.
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